CAN WORKERS BE FIRED FOR IRRESISTIBLE ATTRACTION

By Jeffrey S. Kravitz, Esquire

Several of my partners write on California Employment Law and one of them struck a nerve. As featured in a recent California Employment Law blog post, the Iowa courts have held that an employer may fire a worker for being, for want of a better expression, "irresistibly hot." Where does that leave Tom Brady, Jim Palmer or maybe even Eli Manning? Does every football player have to look like Dick Butkus?

For that matter, I have a now-retired partner who tried a case against a former opera singer of Italian extraction, who was....you know! My partner among other things had lost a leg in childhood and was never going to be compared to Brad Pitt. Out of frustration, he asked the jury in voir dire, "Are you going to hold it against my client because I am short, bald and ugly?"  The jury loved him. 

 

FOLLOW-UP ON NHL LOSSES

As reported in our blog, small businesses have suffered mightily due to the NHL strike.  The Sports Business Journal now reports that the Small Business Administration is now offering counseling to those businesses hurt by the NHL strike.

 

Students or employees?

Education is a unique commodity. Beyond the ability to earn more in the marketplace, education has an intrinsic value. It gives individuals the tools to more fully engage the entire observed world psychologically, personally, professionally, politically, and philosophically. Few other endeavors so dramatically expand rather than diminish returns of investment over time. Thus, questions of compensation in the school setting pose particular challenges to those who must adjudicate them.

 

I recall my own personal foray into the question when it involved graduate student unionization at Columbia University. As part of the student caucus of the Faculty Senate, I participated in difficult discussions with students, faculty and the administration about the challenges of collective bargaining in the academic environment. Students and administration officials in private universities continue to argue their positions on the matter.

 

The attention and money involved in student athletics only amplify these difficulties. Ed O'Bannon and Missy Franklin demonstrate the spectrum of student athlete compensation issues.  Former UCLA Bruin Ed O’Bannon is lead plaintiff in a 2009 class action suit seeking a percentage of the NCAA"s licensing revenue. He recently attempted to expand the class to include current men's basketball and football players, the two sports that garner the majority of licensing revenue for the NCAA. Under NCAA Operating Bylaws 12.1.2.1.4.1.2 and 12.1.2.1.4.3.3  "Operation Gold Grant" (Aug. 2011), Missy Franklin would be allowed to keep over $200,000 in compensation for her London Olympics' performance. Though, to her credit, she would forego exponentially more money if she retained her NCAA eligibility.

 

These difficult issues will require further exploration by NCAA officials, courts and other administrative bodies. However, "just saying no" to compensation may no longer be an option for the NCAA.

The National Football League and Workers' Compensation

By Jeffrey S. Kravitz, Esq.
 
Workers' Compensation is something of a wackadoodle system. Originally designed by Otto von Bismarck in Germany, it was designed to provide compensation to injured workers without clogging the courts with lawsuits where negligence or more would need to be proven. It works reasonably well and like politics and sausage, it is not pretty to watch being made. Years ago, applicants' attorneys used to go out with the workers' compensation judges for coffee or drinks on a regular basis.
 
My UCLA classmate and later legislator Burt Margolin, engineered a series of reforms that helped eliminate some of the trappings of bias.  The system is still loaded toward the injured worker and thinkers above  my pay grade have opined that it is a necessary plank in an industrialized society.
 
 
Hall of Fame football player Bruce Matthews filed suit in California for comp benefits despite the fact that his career was with the Tennessee Titans. In an opinion appearing at Matthews v. Nat. Football League Mgm't Council, --- F.3d ----, 2012 WL 3156430; and commented upon in the August 13 issue of Sports Business Journal the appellate court upheld an order by an arbitrator prohibiting Matthews from filing a workers' comp claim in California. The reasoning was that he had a contract that specifically provided for only suing for comp in Tennessee, and the court had no problem upholding the contract absent a showing that he suffered a discrete injury in a game in California. Matthews argued that every game contributed to his physical injury, but the court was not buying that kvetch. While the Ninth Circuit is thought of as liberal and at least two of the judges who heard the matter, likewise, ultimately the Court felt that the contract did not offend sensibilities, where there was no injury in California. Moreover, the prospect of every retired football player filing here would not have been welcome. Touchdown for the League on this one.

Houston, We Have a Problem

Spent the Thanksgiving holiday in Houston and had a chance to interview Fletcher Cockrell, author of Dismissed With Prejudice, a sports/legal thriller cast closer to Grissom than Turow. Cockrell wrote the book after years of coaching basketball at the college level and now after years of being a trial lawyer. The premise of the book is a wrongful termination suit brought by a dismissed college assistant. The hook is that he did the offenses alleged, but he did them at the behest of the head coach, who is going to walk while the assistant takes the bullet. The book is set in Louisiana, with plenty of local color.

Question for readers and the author is how widespread are the offenses and who walks the plank?  Recent slaps on hand to Tennessee for basketball compared with other schools raises interesting questions. Readers, what do you think?

Ben Roethlisberger's NFL Suspension Could Have Been Avoided by Steelers

On ESPN's "The Herd" on April 21, 2010, the host talked about the NFL doing the hard parenting on Ben R.  One would hope that the NFL would not have to parent adults getting millions, but that is not the world we live in.  A simple suggestion by analogy: California sexual harassment law.

In California, employers who employ a certain number of employees have to give their employees and supervisors training each year in sexual harassment.  The California Fair Employment and Housing Act ("FEHA") requires that employers with 50 or more employees provide all supervisory employees (including executives, managers and lead employees), with sexual harassment training once every two years.  Where the employer fails to provide the training, a plaintiff who sues for sexual harassment can claim that the employer failed to take reasonable steps to prevent and correct sexual harassment in the workplace, which can lend support to a request for a punitive damages award.

 

Regardless of whether California teams are presently including their players in this exercise, the NFL or the teams should provide their players with similar instructions. This type of training could help avoid improper behavior by players. 

Mike Leach Testifies in Deposition Against Texas Tech

We are following the case of Mike Leach versus his former employer, Texas Tech. As detailed online at NBCSports.com, on March 12, 2010, Leach begun testimony in deposition, being questioned by the lawyer for the University.

Depositions are taken to discover how what the witness will testify to at trial and how he will perform.  Increasingly, these are videotaped to play at trial by the opposition.  Witnesses are prepared by their attorneys for the exercise, but obviously the lawyer cannot do the testifying.  Every case should be run on the proposition that you prepare for trial, but this one has struck us from the very beginning as one that should be quietly settled.

 

Leach is accused of having mistreated a player and was fired for it.  This inevitably involves value questions as to what constitutes appropriate discipline and treatment of players.  If universities have certain values in this regard, and they should, why don't they spell it out as much as possible beforehand? We have no idea what went on before Leach was first hired, but each side bears a burden of expression up front to avoid exactly this sort of situation.

Dutch Bobsled Team Quits Winter Olympics

As reported on February 25, 2010 in CNN.com, the Dutch bobsled team quit on the competition, not thinking the course safe.

How to handle for the future?  Perhaps allow technology to test courses, such as having robot-led bobsleds a la dummies in car crash testing.  Metal can be easily replaced, unlike flesh and bones.     

In addition to making sure that things are safe, the International Olympic Committee should sponsor insurance for participants. This has been done for years in other sports, including NCAA sanctioned programs and rodeo stars. That way, if something happens, a policy is in place to take care of injury or death.  Workers' Compensation policies take care of everyone from factory workers to office mates.  Why not Olympians?

Dateline Lubbock, Texas

We previously commented on fired coach Mike Leach suing Texas Tech for wrongful termination after an accusation of mistreating a player. As reported on January 20, 2010 on SI.com's article, Judge slows, but allows Leach lawsuit vs. Texas Tech, Leach asked the court for expedited discovery, claiming that he cannot get a job until the matter is resolved. The court denied his motion, finding that he had to stand in line with all of the other unemployed out there in the US of A.

Expedited depositions are extraordinary and usually involve a witness who is dying, going to leave the country or some other emergency situation. Absent such, and absent an arbitration agreement, lawsuits remain subject to delays caused by attorney and witness scheduling, which is often frustrating. What we do see here is that the University is in no hurry to get this case moving, no doubt thinking that time works in its favor. To be continued…

Carroll and Leavitt

As of this writing, the press, the blogs and the water coolers are alive with commentary on USC football coach Pete Carroll trading in a SoCal latte for a Seattle one, leaving behind a university that seems to be on the verge of NCAA sanctions.  

Different location and different scenario with football coach Jim Leavitt, who was fired by the University of South Florida for allegedly grabbing a player by the throat and then lying about it.  Leavitt took the program from the start and turned it into something of a giant killer.  

 

Each man was and is highly successful professionally and yet each will leave behind a university with some mopping up to do.  Should coaches bear any legal responsibility for the mess they lay behind?  Can contractual provisions be crafted to cover such situations?  Would such provisions leave universities in a competitive disadvantage in attracting talented coaches?  Should the NCAA require such provisions?  We have our own thoughts but pass this one out to our readers for preliminary comment.  To be continued…